First steps: paddling, take-off (pop-up), basic stance.
Mostly surfs in whitewater and does not yet catch unbroken waves independently.
Goal: paddle into a green wave and ride along the face for the first time.
Board choice: softboard, lots of volume; stability over performance.
Can paddle into small unbroken waves alone.
First angled take-offs, trimming along the wave face.
Learning wave selection and lineup positioning.
Board choice: larger hybrid, funboard, or buoyant mini-mal.
Consistently catches green waves without assistance.
Controlled take-offs, surfs frontside and backside.
Practices bottom turns and small cutbacks.
Comfortable in waist- to shoulder-high surf.
Board choice: midlength, fish, or smaller shortboard.
Good lineup awareness, precise positioning, efficient paddling.
Fluid turns: cutbacks, floaters, re-entries.
Comfortable up to head-high and in punchier surf.
Actively adjusts board choice to conditions (fish small, step-up big).
Board choice: performance shortboard; quiver tailored to wave type.
Confident in most conditions, including hollow and overhead.
Clean combinations of maneuvers with speed and flow.
Uses rails, power, and timing deliberately.
Understands lineup strategy, respect, and etiquette.
Board choice: performance boards, step-ups, or guns depending on spot and size.